Facts about Hydrogen
The name Hydrogen is derived from the Greek words ‘Hydro’ and ‘Genes’ which together mean ‘Water Forming’ because water molecules contains atoms of hydrogen. It is the lightest element known. It is the most abundant element in the universe. Almost all stars and planets in this universe consist of hydrogen. In nature hydrogen is mainly found in the form of water and hydrogen gas. Pure hydrogen gas can be prepared in the lab by electrolysis of water.
Hydrogen (Protium) is the only element in periodic table having 0 neutrons in its nucleus.
| Type of Element | : | Non-Metal |
| Atomic number | : | 1 |
| Atomic mass | : | 1.007825 g.mol-1 |
| Electronic configuration | : | 1s1 |
| Group, block | : | 1, s-block |
| Period | : | 1 |
| Valency | : | 1 |
| Electronegativity according to Pauling | : | 2.1 |
| Density | : | 0.0899*10-3 g.cm-3 at 20 °C |
| Melting point | : | - 259.2 °C |
| Boiling point | : | - 252.8 °C |
| Vanderwaals radius | : | 0.12 nm |
| Ionic radius | : | 0.208 (-1) nm |
| Oxidation States | : | -1 , 0 , +1 |
| Isotopes | : | 3 ( Protium 1H1, Deuterium 1H2 and Tritium 1H3 ) |
| Energy of first ionisation | : | 1311 kJ.mol-1 |
| Discovered by | : | English chemist Henry Cavendish in 1766 |
Atomic Structure
Uses (Balloons, metal refining)
