Refraction of Light

The Respiratory system (or ventilatory system) is the biological system that introduces respiratory gases to the interior and performs gas exchange. In humans and other mammals, the anatomical features of the respiratory system include airways, lungs, and the...

Enzymes are complex chemical compounds made up of proteins which act as catalysts in our body i.e. the enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions taking place in our body. For example, the digestion of food in our takes place in 4-5 hours due to action of...

The chemical compounds that work on the surface of a liquid and reduce its surface tension are called surfactants. In simple words we can say that surfactants are those chemicals that increase surface area of a liquid and enhance its wettability by reducing its...

We shall understand electrolytic refining of metals by taking the example of refining of copper. In case of copper, a thick block of impure copper is made anode and a thin block of pure metal is made cathode and copper sulphate solution is used as an electrolyte. On...

This method is used for concentration of sulphide ores of copper, lead and zinc. In this method, powdered ore is put in a tank full of water. And then, some Pine oil is added to it. In the tank the particles of sulphide ore are wetted by pine oil whereas the gangue...

Metals are the elements which can form positive ions by losing electrons. For example, Na is a metal because it can form positive ion (Na+) ion by losing an electron from its outermost shell. In the same way Iron, aluminium, copper, gold, silver, magnesium, potassium...

Osmosis is the phenomenon of water flow through a semi-permeable membrane that blocks the transport of salts or other solutes through it. Osmosis is a fundamental effect in all biological systems. It is applied to water purification and desalination, waste material...

Every living organism requires food to fulfill the requirement of energy for their various activities. Green plants are autotrophic in nature. So, they synthesize their food by a very important process called photosynthesis. The term ‘photosynthesis’ consists of two...

An atom consists of three fundamental particles: electrons, protons and neutrons. The electrons have negative charge; protons have positive charge while the neutrons have no charge. Structurally, an atom is divided into two parts: nucleus and extra nuclear portion....

Usually all metals react with water to produce metal oxide (or metal hydroxide) and hydrogen gas. But, all metals do not react with water at equal intensity. The metals which are very reactive can react even with cold water while the other metals react with hot water...