Iron metal

Pure Iron is a grey-white metal. It appears to be brown due to rusting. Iron is magnetic, malleable and ductile. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Occurrence of Iron Iron is the second most abundant metal in earth’s crust. It is not found in a free state...

Aluminium

Aluminium is the most abundant metal in the earth’s crust. It is a reactive metal so it occurs in combined state as its oxides and fluorides. The important ores of aluminium are: 1. Bauxite Al2O3.2H2O (aluminium oxide dihydrate) 2. Cryolite Na3AlF6 (sodium aluminium...

Methods of obtaining metals of very high purity

There are two common methods which are used to get metals of very high purity. These are: 1. Zone Refining By this method, those metals are purified which require high purity such as germanium, silicon and gallium. In this method, impure metal is taken in the form of...

Refining of impure metals

The metal obtained by the methods in previous article is usually impure. So, it is to be purified. The method used for refining of metal depends on the nature of metal and impurities present in it. Some common methods which are used for purification of impure metals...

Reduction of metal oxide into metal

The process of converting metal oxides into metals is called reduction. For reduction, different types of reducing agents are used depending on the reactivity of ores. The commonly used methods for reduction are : 1. Reduction by Heat (pyrometallurgy) The oxides of...